Layin Samar da Tambarin Zafi Mai Sauri Mai Sauri Don Karfe Mai Ƙarfi Mai Tsayi (Aluminum)
Mahimman fasaloli
An tsara Layin Samarwa don inganta tsarin kera sassan motoci ta hanyar amfani da fasahar buga takardu masu zafi. Wannan tsari, wanda aka sani da buga takardu masu zafi a Asiya da kuma taurarewa a Turai, ya ƙunshi dumama kayan da babu komai zuwa takamaiman zafin jiki sannan a matse shi a cikin ƙirar da ta dace ta amfani da fasahar buga takardu ta hydraulic yayin da ake ci gaba da matsi don cimma siffar da ake so kuma a yi canjin kayan ƙarfe a mataki na gaba. Ana iya rarraba dabarar buga takardu masu zafi zuwa hanyoyin buga takardu masu zafi kai tsaye da kuma kai tsaye.
Fa'idodi
Ɗaya daga cikin muhimman fa'idodin sassan tsarin da aka yi wa tambari mai zafi shine kyawun tsarinsu, wanda ke ba da damar samar da siffofi masu rikitarwa tare da ƙarfin tauri na musamman. Babban ƙarfin sassan da aka yi wa tambari mai zafi yana ba da damar amfani da zanen ƙarfe masu siriri, yana rage nauyin sassan yayin da yake kiyaye daidaiton tsarin da kuma aikin fashewa. Sauran fa'idodin sun haɗa da:
Rage Ayyukan Haɗaka:Fasaha mai zafi ta rage buƙatar walda ko ayyukan haɗin gwiwa, wanda ke haifar da ingantaccen aiki da haɓaka ingancin samfur.
Rage Springback da Warpage:Tsarin buga takardu mai zafi yana rage lalacewar da ba a so, kamar ɓangaren springback da warpage, yana tabbatar da daidaiton girma daidai da rage buƙatar ƙarin sake yin aiki.
Ƙananan Lalacewar Sashe:Sassan da aka yi wa tambari mai zafi ba su da lahani sosai, kamar tsagewa da tsagewa, idan aka kwatanta da hanyoyin samar da sanyi, wanda ke haifar da ingantaccen ingancin samfura da rage sharar gida.
Ƙaramin Latsawa:Tattara mai zafi yana rage yawan injinan bugawa da ake buƙata idan aka kwatanta da dabarun samar da sanyi, wanda hakan ke haifar da tanadin farashi da kuma ƙara ingancin samarwa.
Keɓancewa na Kayayyakin Abu:Fasaha mai zafi tana ba da damar keɓance kayan abu bisa ga takamaiman fannoni na ɓangaren, inganta aiki da aiki.
Ingantaccen Inganta Tsarin Gine-gine:Tambarin zafi yana ba da damar haɓaka tsarin kayan, wanda ke haifar da ingantattun kaddarorin injiniya da ƙaruwar juriyar samfur.
Matakan Samarwa Masu Sauƙi:Tattara mai zafi yana kawar ko rage matakan masana'antu na matsakaici, wanda ke haifar da sauƙin tsarin samarwa, haɓaka yawan aiki, da kuma gajerun lokutan jagoranci.
Aikace-aikacen Samfura
Layin Samar da Tambarin Zafi Mai Sauri Mai Karfe (Aluminum) yana samun amfani mai yawa a cikin kera sassan jikin fararen motoci. Wannan ya haɗa da haɗa ginshiƙai, bumpers, katakon ƙofa, da haɗa layin dogo na rufin da ake amfani da su a cikin motocin fasinja. Bugu da ƙari, ana ƙara bincika amfani da ƙarfe masu ƙarfi waɗanda aka ba da damar yin tambarin zafi a masana'antu kamar su sararin samaniya, tsaro, da kasuwannin da ke tasowa. Waɗannan ƙarfe suna ba da fa'idodin ƙarfi mafi girma da raguwar nauyi waɗanda ke da wahalar cimmawa ta hanyar wasu hanyoyin ƙirƙirar.
A ƙarshe, Layin Samar da Tambarin Zafi Mai Sauri Mai Karfe (Aluminum) yana tabbatar da ingantaccen samar da sassan jikin motoci masu siffa mai rikitarwa. Tare da ingantaccen tsari, rage ayyukan haɗin gwiwa, rage lahani, da haɓaka kayan aiki, wannan layin samarwa yana ba da fa'idodi da yawa. Aikace-aikacensa sun haɗu zuwa ƙera fararen sassan jikin motocin fasinja kuma suna ba da fa'idodi masu yuwuwa a cikin sararin samaniya, tsaro, da kasuwanni masu tasowa. Zuba jari a Layin Samar da Tambarin Zafi Mai Sauri Mai Karfe (Aluminum) don cimma kyakkyawan aiki, yawan aiki, da fa'idodin ƙira mai sauƙi a cikin masana'antar mota da sauran masana'antu.
Menene tambarin zafi?
Tambarin zafi, wanda kuma aka sani da tauri a turai da kuma samar da hotpress a Asiya, hanya ce ta samar da abu inda ake dumama wani abu zuwa wani zafin jiki sannan a buga shi a kashe shi a ƙarƙashin matsin lamba a cikin abin da ya dace don cimma siffar da ake so da kuma haifar da canjin lokaci a cikin kayan ƙarfe. Fasahar tambarin zafi ta ƙunshi dumama zanen ƙarfe na boron (tare da ƙarfin farko na 500-700 MPa) zuwa yanayin austenitizing, da sauri a mayar da su zuwa ga abin da ya dace don yin tambarin sauri, da kuma kashe ɓangaren da ke cikin abin da ya dace a yanayin sanyaya sama da 27°C/s, sannan a bi shi na ɗan lokaci na riƙewa a ƙarƙashin matsin lamba, don samun sassan ƙarfe masu ƙarfi sosai tare da tsarin martensitic iri ɗaya.
Fa'idodin yin tambari mai zafi
Inganta ƙarfin juriya na ƙarshe da kuma ikon ƙirƙirar siffofi masu rikitarwa.
Rage nauyin kayan aiki ta hanyar amfani da siririn ƙarfe yayin da ake kiyaye daidaiton tsarin da kuma aikin da ya yi.
Rage buƙatar haɗa ayyukan kamar walda ko ɗaurewa.
An rage girman ɓangaren bazara da kuma juyawa.
Ƙananan lahani na sassa kamar fashe-fashe da tsage-tsage.
Ƙananan buƙatun ƙarar injin bugawa idan aka kwatanta da yanayin sanyi.
Ikon keɓance kayan aiki bisa ga takamaiman sassan sassa.
Ingantaccen tsarin microstructures don ingantaccen aiki.
Tsarin kera kayayyaki cikin sauƙi tare da ƙarancin matakan aiki don samun samfurin da aka gama.
Waɗannan fa'idodi suna ba da gudummawa ga ingantaccen aiki, inganci, da kuma aikin sassan tsarin da aka zana mai zafi.
Ƙarin bayani game da hot stamping
1. Tambarin Zafi vs Tambarin Sanyi
Tambarin zafi tsari ne na ƙirƙirar abubuwa bayan an kunna takardar ƙarfe kafin a kunna, yayin da tambarin sanyi yana nufin tambarin kai tsaye na takardar ƙarfe ba tare da an kunna ba kafin a kunna.
Yin tambarin sanyi yana da fa'idodi bayyanannu fiye da yin tambarin zafi. Duk da haka, yana kuma da wasu rashin amfani. Saboda matsin lamba mai yawa da tsarin tambarin sanyi ke haifarwa idan aka kwatanta da yin tambarin zafi, kayayyakin da aka yi tambarin sanyi sun fi saurin fashewa da tsagewa. Saboda haka, ana buƙatar kayan aiki na tambarin da suka dace don yin tambarin sanyi.
Tacewa mai zafi ya ƙunshi dumama takardar ƙarfe zuwa yanayin zafi mai yawa kafin a yi mata tambari da kuma kashe ta a lokaci guda a cikin abin da aka yi mata tambari. Wannan yana haifar da cikakken canjin tsarin ƙarfe zuwa martensite, wanda ke haifar da ƙarfi mai yawa daga 1500 zuwa 2000 MPa. Saboda haka, samfuran da aka yi musu tambari mai zafi suna nuna ƙarfi mafi girma idan aka kwatanta da takwarorinsu da aka yi musu tambari mai sanyi.
2. Tsarin Tambari Mai Zafi
Tacewa mai zafi, wanda kuma aka sani da "ƙarfafa matsi," ya ƙunshi dumama takardar ƙarfi mai ƙarfi tare da ƙarfin farko na 500-600 MPa zuwa yanayin zafi tsakanin 880 da 950°C. Sannan takardar mai zafi za ta yi sauri ta buga ta kuma kashe ta a cikin mashin ɗin, wanda ke cimma ƙimar sanyaya na 20-300°C/s. Canza austenite zuwa martensite yayin kashewa yana ƙara ƙarfin kayan aikin sosai, yana ba da damar samar da sassan da aka tambari waɗanda ƙarfinsu ya kai 1500 MPa. Ana iya rarraba dabarun tambarin zafi zuwa rukuni biyu: tambarin zafi kai tsaye da tambarin zafi kai tsaye:
A cikin tambarin zafi kai tsaye, ana shigar da kayan da aka riga aka riga aka riga aka sanyaya su kai tsaye cikin wani abin rufewa don tambari da kashe su. Ayyukan da ke biyo baya sun haɗa da sanyaya, yanke gefen da huda ramuka (ko yanke laser), da kuma tsaftace saman.
Kashi na 1: Yanayin sarrafa tambarin zafi --tambarin zafi kai tsaye
A cikin tsarin buga hotuna masu zafi a kaikaice, ana yin matakin ƙirƙirar sanyi kafin shiga matakan dumama, buga hotuna masu zafi, yanke gefuna, buga ramuka, da tsaftace saman.
Babban bambanci tsakanin tsarin buga tambarin zafi na kai tsaye da kuma buga tambarin zafi na kai tsaye yana cikin haɗa matakin ƙirƙirar sanyi kafin dumama ta hanyar da ba kai tsaye ba. A cikin buga tambarin zafi na kai tsaye, ana shigar da ƙarfen takarda kai tsaye cikin tanderun dumama, yayin da a cikin buga tambarin zafi na kai tsaye, ana aika kayan da aka riga aka ƙirƙira da sanyi zuwa cikin tanderun dumama.
Tsarin aiwatar da stamping mai zafi kai tsaye yawanci ya ƙunshi matakai masu zuwa:
Tsarin samar da sanyi kafin a fara tsara shi -- Dumama - Tambari mai zafi -- Gyara gefen da huda rami - Tsaftace saman
Kashi na 2: Yanayin sarrafa tambarin zafi --tambarin zafi kai tsaye
3. Babban kayan aiki don yin tambarin zafi ya haɗa da tanda mai dumama, matsi mai zafi, da kuma ƙirar tambarin zafi
Dumama Tanderu:
Tanderun dumama yana da ƙarfin dumama da sarrafa zafin jiki. Yana da ikon dumama faranti masu ƙarfi zuwa zafin sake sake amfani da shi a cikin takamaiman lokaci, yana cimma yanayin austenitic. Yana buƙatar iya daidaitawa da buƙatun samarwa na atomatik mai girma. Ganin cewa billet mai zafi ana iya sarrafa shi ta hanyar robot ko makamai na inji kawai, tanderun yana buƙatar lodawa da sauke kaya ta atomatik tare da daidaiton matsayi mai kyau. Bugu da ƙari, lokacin dumama faranti na ƙarfe marasa rufi, ya kamata ya samar da kariya daga iskar gas don hana iskar shaka a saman billet da kuma lalata carbon.
Maƙallin Zane Mai Zafi:
Mashinan bugawa shine ginshiƙin fasahar buga takardu masu zafi. Yana buƙatar samun damar buga takardu da riƙewa cikin sauri, da kuma sanyaya su da tsarin sanyaya su cikin sauri. Wahalar fasaha ta mashinan bugawa masu zafi ta fi ta mashinan bugawa masu sanyi na gargajiya. A halin yanzu, ƙananan kamfanonin ƙasashen waje ne kawai suka ƙware a ƙira da ƙera irin waɗannan mashinan, kuma duk sun dogara ne akan shigo da kayayyaki daga ƙasashen waje, wanda hakan ya sa suka yi tsada.
Ƙwayoyin Tambari Masu Zafi:
Modulation mai zafi yana yin matakai na samarwa da kuma na kashewa. A matakin samar da kayayyaki, da zarar an shigar da billet cikin ramin mold, mold ɗin zai kammala aikin tamping da sauri don tabbatar da kammala samuwar wani ɓangare kafin kayan ya shiga canjin yanayin martensitic. Sannan, zai shiga matakin kashewa da sanyaya, inda ake ci gaba da canja zafin da ke cikin mold ɗin zuwa mold. Bututun sanyaya da aka shirya a cikin mold ɗin nan take suna cire zafi ta hanyar sanyaya mai gudana. Canjin martensitic-austenitic yana farawa ne lokacin da zafin aikin ya faɗi zuwa 425°C. Canjin tsakanin martensite da austenite ya ƙare lokacin da zafin ya kai 280°C, kuma an cire aikin a 200°C. Matsayin riƙe mold ɗin shine hana faɗaɗa zafi mara daidaituwa da matsewa yayin aikin kashewa, wanda zai iya haifar da manyan canje-canje a cikin siffar da girman ɓangaren, wanda zai haifar da ɓarna. Bugu da ƙari, yana haɓaka ingancin canja wurin zafi tsakanin aikin da mold, yana haɓaka kashewa da sanyaya cikin sauri.
A taƙaice, manyan kayan aikin tambarin zafi sun haɗa da tanda mai dumama don cimma zafin da ake so, injin matsewa mai zafi don tambarin sauri da riƙewa tare da tsarin sanyaya da sauri, da kuma injinan tambarin zafi waɗanda ke yin matakan samarwa da kashewa don tabbatar da ingantaccen samuwar sassa da kuma sanyaya mai inganci.
Saurin sanyaya da ke kashewa ba wai kawai yana shafar lokacin samarwa ba, har ma yana shafar ingancin juyawa tsakanin austenite da martensite. Saurin sanyaya yana tantance irin tsarin kristal da za a samar kuma yana da alaƙa da tasirin taurare na ƙarshe na kayan aikin. Zafin sanyi mai mahimmanci na ƙarfe boron yana da kusan 30℃/s, kuma kawai lokacin da saurin sanyaya ya wuce zafin jiki mai mahimmanci za a iya haɓaka samuwar tsarin martensitic zuwa mafi girman matsayi. Lokacin da ƙimar sanyaya ta ƙasa da ƙimar sanyaya mai mahimmanci, tsarin da ba na martensitic kamar bainite za su bayyana a cikin tsarin lu'ulu'u na kayan aikin. Duk da haka, mafi girman ƙimar sanyaya, mafi kyau, mafi girman ƙimar sanyaya zai haifar da fashewar sassan da aka samar, kuma ana buƙatar ƙayyade kewayon ƙimar sanyaya mai dacewa bisa ga abubuwan da aka haɗa da yanayin aikin sassan.
Tunda tsarin bututun sanyaya yana da alaƙa kai tsaye da girman saurin sanyaya, galibi ana tsara bututun sanyaya ne daga mahangar mafi girman ingancin canja wurin zafi, don haka alkiblar bututun sanyaya da aka tsara ta fi rikitarwa, kuma yana da wuya a samu ta hanyar haƙa injina bayan kammala simintin simintin. Domin gujewa takaitawa ta hanyar sarrafa injina, galibi ana zaɓar hanyar ajiye hanyoyin ruwa kafin simintin simintin.
Domin yana aiki na dogon lokaci a 200℃ zuwa 880~950℃ a ƙarƙashin yanayin sanyi mai tsanani da zafi, kayan da ke sanya tambarin zafi dole ne su kasance masu kyakkyawan juriya ga tsarin da kuma yanayin zafi, kuma za su iya tsayayya da ƙarfin gogayya mai ƙarfi da billet ke samarwa a babban zafin jiki da kuma tasirin lalacewar barbashi na layin oxide da aka zubar. Bugu da ƙari, kayan da aka yi da mold ɗin ya kamata su kasance suna da kyakkyawan juriya ga mai sanyaya don tabbatar da kwararar bututun sanyaya mai santsi.
Gyara da hudawa
Domin ƙarfin sassan bayan an yi amfani da tambarin zafi ya kai kimanin 1500MPa, idan aka yi amfani da yankewa da hudawa, buƙatun tan na kayan aiki sun fi girma, kuma lalacewar gefen yankewar mutun yana da tsanani. Saboda haka, ana amfani da na'urorin yanke laser sau da yawa don yanke gefuna da ramuka.
4. Common maki na zafi stamping karfe
Aiki kafin yin tambari
Aiki bayan yin tambari
A halin yanzu, matakin da aka fi amfani da shi wajen yin tambarin zafi shine B1500HS. Ƙarfin tambarin kafin a yi tambarin yawanci yana tsakanin 480-800MPa, kuma bayan an yi tambarin, ƙarfin tambarin zai iya kaiwa 1300-1700MPa. Wato, ƙarfin tambarin ƙarfe 480-800MPa, ta hanyar yin tambarin zafi, zai iya samun ƙarfin tambarin kusan sassan 1300-1700MPa.
5. Amfani da ƙarfe mai zafi
Amfani da sassan tambarin zafi na iya inganta amincin karo na mota sosai da kuma samar da sauƙin jikin motar da fararen kaya. A halin yanzu, an yi amfani da fasahar tambarin zafi ga fararen sassan jikin motocin fasinja, kamar motar, ginshiƙin A, ginshiƙin B, bumper, ƙofar katako da layin rufin da sauran sassa. Duba hoto na 3 a ƙasa misali sassan da suka dace da ɗaukar nauyi mai sauƙi.
siffa ta 3: Kayan jikin fararen fata sun dace da tambarin zafi
Hoto na 4: Injinan jiangdong Tan 1200 Mai Zafi Layin Tambari
A halin yanzu, hanyoyin samar da injinan buga tambari masu zafi na JIANGDONG MACHINERY sun kasance masu girma da kwanciyar hankali, a fannin samar da tambari masu zafi na kasar Sin yana cikin manyan matakai, kuma a matsayinmu na mataimakin shugaban reshen kamfanin kera injina na kasar Sin da kuma membobin kwamitin daidaita injina na kasar Sin, mun kuma gudanar da bincike da aikace-aikacen tambarin tambari masu zafi na kasa mai sauri na karfe da aluminum, wanda ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen bunkasa ci gaban masana'antar buga tambari masu zafi a kasar Sin har ma da duniya baki daya.
